craft

Craft affiliate programs in Australia offer a fantastic opportunity for artisans to expand their reach and boost their sales online. This guide dives deep into the world of affiliate marketing, exploring the unique landscape of craft businesses in Australia and providing actionable strategies for success.

From understanding the different types of affiliate programs to navigating the legal considerations, this resource equips crafters with the knowledge they need to thrive in the competitive online market. We’ll compare Australian craft marketplaces with general affiliate programs, providing insights into the best strategies for each.

Introduction to Craft Affiliate Programs in Australia

Affiliate marketing is a popular method for Australian craft businesses to expand their reach and generate revenue. It leverages the power of online communities and platforms to connect with potential customers and drive sales. Craft affiliate programs in Australia function by partnering with other websites, blogs, or social media accounts to promote products.This approach allows Australian crafters to tap into pre-existing audiences, increasing brand visibility and boosting sales without the need for significant upfront marketing investment.

By joining an affiliate program, a craft business can strategically collaborate with individuals who are already engaged with their target market, leading to increased exposure and potential conversions.

Overview of Craft Affiliate Programs in Australia

Craft affiliate programs in Australia are designed to empower Australian craft businesses to grow their online presence and expand their market reach. These programs offer a mutually beneficial relationship between the craft business and the affiliate, driving sales and generating revenue for both parties. The structure often involves the affiliate promoting the craft business’s products on their own platforms, earning a commission on each sale generated through their unique referral link.

Benefits of Participating in Affiliate Programs for Australian Crafters

Participating in affiliate programs presents several advantages for Australian crafters. Increased visibility and brand awareness are significant benefits, as affiliate promotion can reach new customer segments. Furthermore, the programs allow for cost-effective marketing, as crafters don’t bear the full burden of marketing campaigns. Finally, affiliate programs often offer valuable insights into customer behaviour and preferences. This data can be instrumental in refining marketing strategies and improving product offerings.

Types of Craft Affiliate Programs in Australia

A variety of affiliate programs exist, catering to different business models and needs. Each program structure offers varying levels of commission and performance requirements. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for Australian crafters to choose the program that best aligns with their business goals.

Type of Program	Description	Example
Commission-Based	Affiliates earn a fixed percentage of each sale generated through their unique referral link.	An affiliate earns 10% of each sale made through their link to a pottery business.
Performance-Based	Affiliates earn a commission based on specific actions, such as lead generation, sign-ups, or sales.	An affiliate earns $5 for each new customer sign-up they refer to a jewellery business.
Hybrid	A combination of commission-based and performance-based elements.	An affiliate earns a 5% commission on each sale and an additional $10 for every new customer who subscribes to the business’s newsletter.

Key Platforms for Craft Affiliate Programs in Australia

Australian craft businesses can significantly expand their reach and generate extra income through strategic partnerships with online marketplaces. Affiliate programs, where businesses promote each other’s products, offer a powerful way to tap into a wider customer base and drive sales. These programs often involve a commission structure, providing an incentive for both the affiliate (the promoting business) and the merchant (the business being promoted).Understanding the key platforms for craft affiliate programs is crucial for Australian craft businesses looking to leverage these opportunities.

This involves knowing which marketplaces are popular, their specific affiliate program structures, and the requirements for participation. The information presented here provides insight into the most popular options, highlighting their benefits and potential challenges.

Top Australian Craft Marketplaces with Affiliate Programs

Several prominent online marketplaces in Australia offer affiliate programs, enabling craft businesses to connect with a wider customer base. Identifying the right platforms for participation is essential for maximizing the program’s effectiveness.

Marketplace	Affiliate Program Options	Advantages	Disadvantages	Requirements
Etsy	Yes, structured affiliate program	Large and active community of craft enthusiasts, established platform, potential for high traffic.	Competition can be intense, reliance on Etsy’s algorithms for visibility, commissions may be lower than other platforms.	Generally requires a well-established Etsy shop with positive reviews and a proven track record of sales. Must meet Etsy’s terms of service.
Australian Made	Potentially available, but information may be limited.	Focus on Australian-made products, builds brand recognition, reaches Australian consumers interested in supporting local businesses.	Fewer affiliate options, program details may not be clearly communicated, less customer traffic compared to larger platforms.	Contact Australian Made directly to inquire about their affiliate program details.
Gumtree	Likely no direct affiliate program.	High visibility for local craft businesses, exposure to potential buyers in a specific geographic area.	Limited exposure to a wider Australian market, may be less suitable for crafts requiring high marketing spend.	Not typically structured for affiliate programs. Focus is more on direct sales.
Facebook Marketplace	Indirect participation through community groups and individual listings.	Strong local reach, potentially low barrier to entry, opportunity to connect directly with customers.	Less structured approach than dedicated marketplaces, difficulty in tracking sales and commissions.	Requires active participation in relevant craft groups and consistent posting of high-quality listings.
Craft-focused online stores (e.g., a niche craft retailer)	Potentially available, but highly dependent on the retailer.	Targeted customer base, potential for direct engagement with craft enthusiasts, often smaller commission structures.	Smaller potential audience, dependence on the retailer’s success.	Contact the craft store directly to inquire about affiliate program details.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Joining Affiliate Programs

Joining an affiliate program offers several benefits for craft businesses, but also involves potential drawbacks. A clear understanding of these pros and cons is vital for informed decision-making.

• Increased visibility and brand awareness: Affiliate programs expose your products to a wider audience, potentially boosting brand recognition.
• Driving targeted traffic to your website: By partnering with relevant platforms, you can direct customers interested in your craft products to your website, leading to increased sales and conversions.
• Cost-effective marketing strategy: Affiliate programs are often a less expensive marketing approach compared to other advertising options.
• Potential for reduced customer acquisition costs: Through referrals and commissions, you can potentially reduce the cost of acquiring new customers.
• Risk of diluted brand identity: If not carefully managed, your brand may appear less distinct, potentially blending into other affiliate brands.
• Competition from other affiliates: If there’s a high volume of affiliates on a platform, your products may face competition from others, making it more difficult to stand out.
• Difficulty in tracking sales and commissions: Some platforms may have less transparent systems for tracking affiliate performance and payments.
• Dependence on other platforms: Your business’s success may become more reliant on the platform’s performance and policies.

Requirements for Participating in Affiliate Programs

Specific requirements for participating in affiliate programs vary depending on the platform. Businesses need to carefully assess these requirements to ensure successful participation.

• Shop Requirements: Many platforms require a well-established online store with a good reputation, product listings, and customer reviews.
• Account Requirements: You will need a functional and active account on the platform to participate in the program.
• Marketing Requirements: You may be required to develop a marketing strategy or follow specific guidelines to promote your products successfully.
• Legal Requirements: Familiarize yourself with the platform’s terms of service and any legal requirements.

Comparing Craft Affiliate Programs to Amazon Affiliate

Navigating the affiliate marketing landscape in Australia can be complex. Understanding the nuances between general affiliate programs like Amazon and craft-specific programs is crucial for crafting a successful strategy. This comparison highlights the key differences in structure, benefits, and potential reach, allowing you to tailor your approach to your specific craft business.A general affiliate program like Amazon offers a vast product catalog, potentially reaching a wider audience.

However, craft-specific programs often provide more focused reach and specialized benefits for artisans. Choosing the right platform depends heavily on your craft niche and target market.

Commission Structure and Payout Methods

The commission structure and payout methods are fundamental differences between general and craft-specific programs. General programs often use a tiered system, where commission rates vary based on the product’s value. Craft-specific programs, however, may offer fixed rates or tiered structures, specifically tailored to the craft industry. This often results in more predictable earnings for artisans.

Feature	Amazon Affiliate	Craft-Specific Affiliate
Commission Structure	Tiered, product-dependent	Fixed or tiered, craft-specific
Payout Method	Usually based on sales thresholds, monthly/quarterly	Can be based on sales thresholds, monthly/quarterly, or even on a per-item basis
Average Commission Rate	Can be quite low for many products, potentially 2-5%	Often higher, possibly ranging from 5-15%

Potential Audience Reach

The audience reach is significantly different. Amazon’s vast catalog and global reach provide exposure to a broad audience. Craft-specific programs, however, often focus on a niche audience interested in handmade or artisanal goods. For example, a program targeting Australian pottery enthusiasts will likely attract a more targeted audience than Amazon.

Examples of Success

Different craft businesses can find success with each program. A small pottery business focusing on decorative pieces might benefit from a craft-specific program to reach potential customers seeking unique handmade items. Conversely, a larger business offering a range of handmade items might use Amazon to tap into its wider market. The success of each strategy depends heavily on the specific craft, product, and target market.

Strategies for Success with Craft Affiliate Programs

Crafting a successful affiliate marketing strategy for Australian craft businesses requires a nuanced approach that considers the local market and consumer preferences. This involves more than simply promoting products; it’s about building a community around your chosen crafts and showcasing the unique value proposition of each item. Effective strategies will foster trust, build relationships, and ultimately drive conversions.

Marketing Strategies Specific to Australian Craft

Understanding the Australian craft market is crucial for developing effective strategies. Australian consumers often appreciate handcrafted items, supporting local businesses and appreciating unique designs. Therefore, marketing efforts should highlight these aspects, showcasing the craftsmanship and story behind each product. Emphasize the ethical sourcing of materials and the sustainable practices used in the creation process.

Creating Engaging Content for Craft Affiliate Links

Content is key to attracting and engaging potential customers. High-quality images and videos are vital, showcasing the craft’s details and the artistry involved. Crafting compelling product descriptions is equally important, going beyond basic features to highlight the emotional connection and personal stories behind the items. Incorporating customer testimonials and reviews further builds trust and social proof. Authenticity and genuine enthusiasm for the craft will resonate with the target audience.

Increasing Traffic and Conversions for Affiliate Products

Driving traffic to your affiliate links is essential. Utilizing social media platforms popular in Australia, such as Instagram and Facebook, can be highly effective. Running targeted ads, collaborating with relevant influencers, and participating in online craft communities can significantly increase visibility. Furthermore, optimizing your website for search engines () and crafting engaging blog posts, tutorials, and articles related to the craft will attract organic traffic.

Consider offering exclusive content or discounts to subscribers to incentivize engagement and conversions.

Content Formats for Promoting Affiliate Links

A well-rounded approach across various content formats maximizes reach and engagement. This table illustrates the variety of formats and their suitability for promoting affiliate links:

Content Format	Description	Example	Affiliate Link Placement
Blog Posts	Detailed articles about a specific craft, techniques, or tutorials.	“Beginner’s Guide to Polymer Clay Jewelry Making”	Within the article’s body, ideally near relevant product descriptions.
Social Media Posts (Instagram, Facebook)	Visually engaging posts showcasing the craft and products.	A photo or short video of a finished piece, with a caption describing it and linking to the product page.	In the caption or within a link in bio.
Pinterest Boards	Visually appealing boards showcasing related products and styles.	“Australian-Made Wooden Toys”	Using affiliate links for individual product pins.
YouTube Tutorials	Step-by-step demonstrations of crafts, featuring relevant products.	“How to Create a Personalized Wooden Coasters”	In the video description and using affiliate links in the video.
Email Newsletters	Regularly sent emails promoting new products, sales, and exclusive content.	A curated list of featured items.	Direct links to the products in the email.

Legal and Ethical Considerations

Affiliate marketing, while offering lucrative opportunities, necessitates careful adherence to legal and ethical standards. Understanding the relevant regulations and best practices is crucial for building a sustainable and reputable craft affiliate program in Australia. Ignoring these considerations can lead to legal repercussions and damage your brand’s credibility.Navigating the legal landscape of affiliate marketing requires a proactive approach. This involves thoroughly researching and understanding the specific laws and regulations that apply to your activities.

Maintaining transparency and ethical conduct is paramount, as it fosters trust with consumers and builds a positive reputation.

Australian Consumer Law

Australian Consumer Law (ACL) sets the foundation for fair trading practices. It encompasses a wide range of consumer protections, which are relevant to affiliate marketing. Adherence to these principles is vital for avoiding legal disputes and maintaining a positive customer experience. The ACL mandates that businesses provide accurate and truthful information about products and services, avoiding misleading or deceptive conduct.

This includes clear disclosures about affiliate relationships and any potential biases.

Disclosure and Transparency

Transparency is paramount in affiliate marketing. Consumers need to understand that you are receiving compensation for recommending products. Failure to disclose this information can lead to serious legal consequences. Clear and prominent disclosure of affiliate relationships is vital. This includes using language that is easily understood by the average consumer.

This ensures that consumers are aware of any potential conflicts of interest.

Specific Regulations in Australia

Australia has specific regulations related to advertising and marketing. The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) plays a key role in enforcing these regulations. The ACCC monitors for misleading or deceptive conduct, and can take action against businesses that violate these regulations. Affiliate marketers should remain vigilant and compliant with these guidelines.

Avoiding Potential Legal Issues

Best practices for avoiding legal issues in affiliate marketing include:

• Comprehensive Disclosure: Clearly and prominently disclose any affiliate relationships in your content. Use unambiguous language to indicate the nature of the relationship. Avoid vague or misleading statements. This includes disclosing any compensation received for promoting products.
• Accurate Representation: Represent products and services accurately. Avoid exaggerating their benefits or making false claims. Present your honest opinion and experience with the product.
• Independence and Objectivity: Maintain independence and objectivity in your recommendations. Do not be swayed by incentives or pressure to promote products you do not genuinely believe in.
• Compliance with Policies: Adhere to the terms and conditions of any platform or company you are promoting. Review the policies carefully before engaging in affiliate marketing on those platforms.

Best Practices for Ethical Conduct

Ethical conduct is equally important as legal compliance. Honesty and integrity in affiliate marketing build trust and foster positive relationships with consumers.

• Avoid Misleading Content: Do not mislead or deceive consumers. Be transparent about your motivations and affiliations. This is crucial to building trust and maintaining a positive brand image.
• Respect for Consumers: Respect consumers’ choices and preferences. Avoid aggressive or coercive tactics. Be mindful of potential biases and how they might affect your recommendations.
• Maintain Accuracy: Ensure accuracy and reliability in your reviews and recommendations. Thoroughly research products before promoting them. Provide relevant information and avoid speculation.

Tips for Choosing the Right Craft Affiliate Program

Selecting the ideal craft affiliate program is crucial for maximizing your earnings and building a successful online presence. A well-chosen program aligns with your target audience’s interests, provides competitive commission rates, and offers a robust platform for promoting products. Understanding the nuances of different programs and their associated factors is essential for making an informed decision.

Analyzing Commission Rates and Payment Terms

Commission rates and payment terms are critical factors to consider when evaluating affiliate programs. A high commission rate, while attractive, doesn’t guarantee profitability. It’s essential to evaluate the overall value proposition of a program, taking into account factors such as the average sale value of products and the conversion rates of your audience. Understanding the payment schedule, whether it’s weekly, monthly, or based on specific sales milestones, is vital to ensure a reliable and predictable income stream.

Analyzing both commission rates and payment terms ensures a program aligns with your financial expectations. For example, a program with a 10% commission on average $100 sales could be more profitable than a program with a 20% commission on average $20 sales, even though the latter has a higher percentage.

Evaluating Program Reputation and Track Record

The reputation and track record of an affiliate program play a significant role in its long-term viability and your success. Look for programs with a history of reliability and positive feedback from other affiliates. Consider factors such as the program’s responsiveness to inquiries, the ease of access to support resources, and the overall professionalism of the program’s management.

Research reviews and testimonials from current and past affiliates can provide valuable insights into the program’s performance and reliability. A program with a strong reputation generally indicates a supportive environment for affiliates and a commitment to fair practices.

Factors to Consider When Choosing a Craft Affiliate Program (Checklist)

Careful consideration of several key factors can guide your selection process. A comprehensive evaluation allows you to identify programs that align with your goals and enhance your earning potential.

• Commission Structure: Analyze the commission rate structure. Is it a fixed percentage, tiered, or based on sales volume? Evaluate the average order value (AOV) and conversion rate to assess the overall potential earning potential.
• Payment Terms: Determine the payment schedule (e.g., weekly, monthly) and the minimum payout threshold. A transparent and reliable payment system is essential for managing your finances effectively.
• Program Support: Assess the level of support provided by the program. Does the program offer resources and training to help affiliates succeed? A robust support system can enhance your understanding of the program and improve your chances of success.
• Product Selection: Ensure the products align with your niche and target audience. A strong product selection allows for targeted marketing and increased customer engagement.
• Marketing Materials: Assess the marketing materials available. Are they effective in driving sales and customer engagement? Consider the program’s promotional tools and their potential impact on your marketing strategy.

Potential Affiliate Programs for Pottery

This table presents potential affiliate programs for a pottery niche, highlighting key aspects. These are examples and may not be exhaustive.

Affiliate Program	Commission Rate	Payment Terms	Product Focus	Reputation
Etsy Affiliate Program	Variable (typically 5-10%)	Monthly	Wide range of handcrafted pottery	Strong, established platform with a large audience
Pottery Supply Wholesale Affiliate	Variable (typically 10-15%)	Monthly	Pottery supplies (clay, glazes, tools)	Relatively new, but with strong potential based on the supply demand
[CraftStore X] Affiliate Program	Variable (typically 8-12%)	Weekly	Wide range of craft supplies and pottery items	Good reputation; established in the craft community

Measuring and Monitoring Performance

Keeping a close eye on your craft affiliate marketing performance is crucial for optimizing your strategies and maximizing earnings. Regular monitoring allows you to identify what’s working and what needs adjustment, leading to sustainable growth and better returns on your efforts.Understanding how to track and analyze data is essential for making informed decisions about your affiliate marketing campaigns. This involves using various metrics to measure the effectiveness of different strategies and adapting your approach as needed.

Effective performance monitoring is a continuous process that adapts to changes in the market and your affiliate program.

Tracking Affiliate Marketing Performance

Understanding the key metrics is fundamental to evaluating the success of your affiliate marketing campaigns. This encompasses website traffic, conversion rates, and revenue generated through affiliate links. Tracking these metrics allows you to assess the effectiveness of your strategies and make data-driven adjustments.

• Website Traffic: Monitor website traffic to understand how many visitors your affiliate links are driving. Tools like Google Analytics provide insights into traffic sources, user behavior, and the performance of different affiliate links. Analyzing this data reveals which campaigns are generating the most traffic and which need improvement.
• Conversion Rates: Conversion rates represent the percentage of visitors who complete a desired action, such as making a purchase. Tracking these rates is vital to understanding the effectiveness of your affiliate links in driving conversions. High conversion rates indicate a successful affiliate campaign, while low rates might signal the need to optimize your approach.
• Revenue Generated: Revenue generated through affiliate links is a crucial metric for assessing the financial success of your campaigns. Monitoring this data provides insights into the profitability of different affiliate programs and allows for strategic adjustments.

Analyzing Data to Improve Results

Analyzing collected data is a critical step to identify trends, patterns, and areas for improvement. The insights derived from this analysis can inform adjustments to your strategies and ultimately lead to better affiliate marketing results.

• Identifying Trends: Analyzing data helps uncover trends in website traffic, conversion rates, and revenue. For example, you might notice that certain affiliate links perform better during specific periods or for particular demographics. Understanding these trends allows you to tailor your strategies for better results.
• Identifying Weak Points: Data analysis helps uncover weaknesses in your campaigns. If a particular affiliate link isn’t performing well, identifying the cause (e.g., low click-through rate, poor landing page design) allows you to implement targeted improvements.
• A/B Testing: A/B testing different elements of your affiliate marketing campaigns, such as email subject lines, banner designs, or call-to-actions, is a powerful method for optimizing performance. By comparing the results of different variations, you can identify the most effective approaches.

Tools and Techniques for Monitoring Success

Various tools and techniques are available for monitoring affiliate program success. These tools facilitate data collection, analysis, and reporting.

• Google Analytics: A widely used web analytics tool, Google Analytics provides valuable insights into website traffic, user behavior, and conversion rates. It’s essential for tracking the performance of your affiliate links and understanding how users interact with your website.
• Affiliate Marketing Platforms: Many affiliate marketing platforms provide built-in tracking and reporting features. These platforms often offer dashboards that provide a clear overview of your performance, including key metrics like sales and commissions. Leveraging these features streamlines the process of monitoring your program.
• Spreadsheet Software: Spreadsheet software, such as Microsoft Excel or Google Sheets, can be used to manually track and analyze data. This is especially helpful for smaller campaigns or when custom metrics need to be tracked.

Setting Up Analytics to Track Performance

Setting up analytics to track performance involves several steps. A well-structured system allows for easy monitoring and analysis.

1. Install Tracking Codes: Install the tracking codes provided by your affiliate marketing platform and the relevant websites to track conversions and revenue generated through your affiliate links.
2. Define Key Metrics: Clearly define the key metrics you want to track, such as website traffic, conversion rates, and revenue. This will guide your data collection and analysis.
3. Regular Monitoring: Regularly monitor your data to identify trends and patterns. This enables you to adjust your strategies and optimize your performance based on the insights gained from your data.

Building a Sustainable Craft Affiliate Business

Establishing a sustainable craft affiliate business in Australia requires a multifaceted approach beyond simply signing up for a program. It necessitates strategic planning, consistent effort, and a deep understanding of the craft market. Building a loyal customer base and understanding long-term trends are crucial for long-term success.

Strategies for Long-Term Success

Sustaining an affiliate business requires a commitment to ongoing growth and adaptation. Strategies for long-term success include developing a strong brand identity, creating engaging content that showcases the products and the craft, and building genuine relationships with potential customers. This involves creating a consistent online presence, building a community, and adapting to the ever-changing landscape of online commerce. Consistent posting, high-quality product photography, and effective use of social media are key components.

Importance of a Loyal Customer Base

Building a loyal customer base is paramount to long-term success in affiliate marketing. These customers become advocates for your recommendations, returning to your platform for future purchases. This loyalty fosters repeat business, positive word-of-mouth referrals, and a reliable stream of income. Cultivating a strong relationship with customers through excellent communication, prompt responses to queries, and personalized recommendations is crucial for developing loyalty.

Examples of Successful Craft Affiliate Businesses in Australia

Several Australian craft businesses have successfully leveraged affiliate marketing to achieve significant growth. For example, [Business Name], a retailer specializing in handmade jewellery, has built a loyal following by showcasing the stories behind the creators and highlighting the unique qualities of each piece. Their engagement with the community, coupled with effective use of affiliate platforms, has been a key to their success.

Another notable example is [Business Name], an online retailer focusing on sustainable craft supplies, which has cultivated a strong online community and provided excellent customer service, leading to repeat business and strong affiliate partnerships. These businesses have built a reputation for quality, customer service, and genuine engagement, fostering trust and loyalty amongst their customers.

Key Elements of a Successful Affiliate Marketing Strategy

A well-structured affiliate marketing strategy incorporates several key elements. The table below illustrates these components.

Element	Description	Importance
Niche Selection	Careful selection of a specific craft niche allows for targeted marketing and a deeper understanding of the target audience.	Reduces competition and enables specialized knowledge.
Content Creation	High-quality content, including blog posts, product reviews, and social media posts, engages customers and drives sales.	Builds trust, showcases products, and attracts customers.
Platform Selection	Choosing the right affiliate platforms that align with your niche and target audience is critical.	Optimizes reach, visibility, and revenue generation.
Customer Engagement	Engaging with customers through comments, social media interactions, and personalized recommendations builds loyalty and trust.	Increases customer retention and referrals.
Analytics Tracking	Monitoring key metrics like website traffic, conversion rates, and sales provides data-driven insights for strategy refinement.	Allows for adjustments to optimize performance and maximize return.

Final Wrap-Up

In conclusion, successful craft affiliate marketing in Australia requires a blend of understanding the specific market, choosing the right platforms, and crafting compelling strategies. By focusing on ethical practices, measuring performance, and building a sustainable business model, Australian crafters can leverage affiliate programs to achieve significant growth and reach a wider audience.

FAQ Corner

What are the key differences between commission-based and performance-based affiliate programs?

Commission-based programs pay a fixed percentage of each sale, while performance-based programs tie payments to specific actions, like clicks or leads. Commission-based programs are often simpler to understand, but performance-based programs can offer higher earning potential for exceptional marketing efforts.

What are some legal considerations for Australian craft affiliate programs?

Australian law requires transparency and disclosure in affiliate marketing. Always clearly disclose your affiliate relationships and avoid misleading claims about products or services. Understanding Australian consumer protection laws is crucial.

How can I measure the success of my craft affiliate marketing campaigns?

Use analytics tools to track website traffic, conversions, and sales generated through affiliate links. Regularly analyze data to identify what’s working and what needs improvement in your strategies. Look at key metrics like click-through rates and conversion rates.

Which Australian craft marketplaces offer affiliate programs?

Many popular Australian craft marketplaces provide affiliate programs, enabling crafters to reach a broader audience. Research specific marketplaces to understand their requirements and commission structures.